ArticleOpen heart2026
Epidemiology of bloodstream infections and infective endocarditis: new insights on typical species and echocardiography screening.
Article in Open heart, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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22 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundReal-world data on bloodstream infections (BSI) and infective endocarditis (IE) epidemiology, their implications for screening and the applicability of typical species concepts by guidelines are scarce.
objectivesThis study aims to elucidate the relationship between BSI epidemiology and the predictors of IE, as well as the use of echocardiographic screening for IE in BSI.
methodsSingle-centre registry included all BSI of consecutive hospitalised patients from January 2015 to December 2021. IE prevalence and echocardiographic screening were assessed, also aggregating according to typical species by the European Society of Cardiology and by 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases.
resultsFrom 4939 BSIs related to 4242 admissions in 3708 patients, 2.7% had a diagnosis of definite IE. The most prevalent BSI pathogens were
conclusionsThe study illustrates a discrepancy between BSI pathogen prevalence and their IE risk, emphasising the need for sufficient granularity in defining species typically linked to IE. Typical microorganism concepts may underestimate high risk if species are grouped or if IE risk factors are ignored. There is a mismatch between efforts to diagnose definite IE via echocardiography for each microorganism and the IE risk associated with BSI.
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