Protocol for sterile tumor cell implantation into the spleen or cecal wall of germ-free mice.

Thi Trang Le, My-Lan Pianka, Christoph K Stein-Thoeringer, Regula Burkhard, Lukas F Mager

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in STAR protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Thi Trang LeM3 Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: trang.le-thi@med.uni-tuebingen.de.

My-Lan PiankaM3 Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Christoph K Stein-ThoeringerM3 Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Regula BurkhardM3 Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Lukas F MagerM3 Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: lukas.mager@med.uni-tuebingen.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Establishing tumor models in germ-free (GF) mice is essential to study the effects of microbiome on cancer progression and treatment responses. Here, we present a protocol for the intrasplenic and orthotopic cecal wall implantation of colorectal cancer cells in GF mice under sterile conditions. Intrasplenic injection models late-stages of liver metastasis, whereas orthotopic cecal wall implantation recapitulates the complete metastatic cascade. We describe procedures for material preparation, sterile surgery, and sterility monitoring to ensure successful tumor establishment while maintaining GF status.

Indexed as

CancerMicrobiologyModel Organisms

Identifiers

PMID42743054

DOI10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104835

PMCPMC13597286

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.