ArticleThe Journal of chiropractic education2026
Exploring motivational interviewing in chiropractic education: A mixed methods study of chiropractic students in North America.
Article in The Journal of chiropractic education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study explored chiropractic students' self-reported understanding and attitudes regarding motivational interviewing (MI), and examined the relationship between students' patient-centered communication (PCC)-related attitudes and beliefs and intent to use MI. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study was conducted with full-time chiropractic students enrolled across 7 North American doctor of chiropractic degree programs. Eligible students completed an online survey; descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between PCC-related attitudes and beliefs and intent to use MI. Following the survey, students were invited to participate in virtual interviews; qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Of the 426 survey respondents (7% response rate), most reported completing PCC-related coursework (75.85%). While 69.73% reported understanding MI principles, only 13.51% felt proficient in its use. Over half (53.25%) intended to use MI, yet many endorsed beliefs misaligned with MI principles. The mean PCC-related attitudes and beliefs score was 143.39 (SD 18.42). Higher PCC-related attitudes and beliefs was significantly associated with greater odds of intent to use MI (odds ratio 1.03 [1.01-1.04], P < .001). Qualitative data responses reflected positivity toward MI, inconsistent exposure and training in MI, and student viewpoints that may be inconsistent with the spirit of MI. Conclusion: This study contributes toward the understanding of North American chiropractic students' understanding of MI and its relationship with PCC-related attitudes and beliefs. Further research is needed to investigate how MI is introduced, taught, and longitudinally supported within chiropractic education programs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.