Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42742838›Full record

ArticleMycopathologia2026

Unique Genetic Clades and Frequent Zoonotic Transmission of Sporothrix brasiliensis with Reduced Itraconazole Susceptibility.

Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga, Bram Spruijtenburg, Jéssica Estefania Dávila Hidalgo, Bruna Jacomel, Isabel Martins Madrid, Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira, Antonella Souza Mattei, Angelita Reis Gomes, Renata Osório de Faria, Flávio Silveira and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Mycopathologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Mariana Rodrigues TrápagaPostgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande (FAMED-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Bram SpruijtenburgDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Jéssica Estefania Dávila HidalgoPostgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande (FAMED-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Bruna JacomelRadboudumc-CWZ Center of Expertise for Mycology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Isabel Martins MadridZoonosis Control Center From the Municipality of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Daniela Isabel Brayer PereiraPostgraduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, Mycology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Antonella Souza MatteiUniversity of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Angelita Reis GomesDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Renata Osório de FariaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Flávio SilveiraDepartment of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research (DDPA), Secretariat of Agriculture (SEAPI), Desidério Finamor Veterinary Research Institute (IPVDF), Eldorado Do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Cecília Bittencourt SeveroFederal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Valério Rodrigues AquinoHospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Ana Paula Giolo FranzClinical Analysis Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
Sonia de Ávila BottonPostgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF) and Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Rosely Maria Zancopé-OliveiraMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (INI/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Vanice Rodrigues PoesterPostgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande (FAMED-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Theun de GrootDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital (CWZ)/Dicoon, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Eelco F J MeijerDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. eelco.meijer@radboudumc.nl.
Melissa Orzechowski XavierPostgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande (FAMED-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. melissaxavierfurg@gmail.com.

Funding

CAPES 443861/2023-4CNPq 04/2021FAPERGS-FIOCRUZ n.23/2551-0000503-4
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sporothrix brasiliensis is driving a major zoonotic epidemic in Brazil, predominantly via cat-to-human transmission. In the late 1990s major outbreaks were reported in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost state. We characterized the antifungal susceptibility and genetic diversity of 450 S. brasiliensis isolates collected between 2009 and 2024 in RS to better understand treatment response, emergence and transmission.A bimodal distribution of the itraconazole minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed with 24% non-wild-type (NWT) isolates. Short tandem repeat genotyping revealed three main clades: One associated with RJ strains (Clade I) and two novel clades (Clades II and III). Clade II formed large transmission clusters with < 20% of isolates being NWT for itraconazole, similar to Clade I. Clade III demonstrated less clustering, higher genetic variation and NWT MICs for 89% of isolates. Finally, all NWT strains in human patients with cat-transmitted disease and available clinical data, appeared isolated prior to azole exposure.We report the emergence of genetically distinct S. brasiliensis clades in RS with different rates of reduced itraconazole susceptibility and evidence of zoonotic transmission of NWT isolates. Our findings highlight the urgent need for antifungal stewardship and surveillance in these endemic regions.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsDrug Resistance, FungalGenetic VariationItraconazoleSporothrixSporotrichosisZoonosesAnimalsBrazilCat DiseasesCatsGenotypeHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicrosatellite RepeatsPhylogenyAntifungal AgentsItraconazoleAntifungal resistanceGenetic epidemiologyItraconazoleSporothrix brasiliensisSporotrichosis

Identifiers

PMID42742838
PMCPMC13578069

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.