ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Trends in surgical approach and pediatric pulmonology follow-up for operated congenital thoracic malformations.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Congenital thoracic malformations (CTM) including congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), pulmonary sequestration (PS), bronchogenic cysts (BC), congenital lobar overinflation (CLO), and bronchial atresia (BA) are increasingly detected antenatally. Resection is generally undertaken in symptomatic patients, whereas the management of asymptomatic lesions remains controversial, with no consensus on whether or when to operate. We compared children who underwent surgery for CTMs after antenatal versus postnatal diagnosis. Methods: Pediatric patients who underwent resection of histopathologically confirmed CTM at a single tertiary center between August 2019 and December 2025, with at least 6 months' follow-up, were retrospectively evaluated for surgical approach [thoracotomy/video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)], length of hospitalization, age at operation, and clinical, anthropometric, and spirometric outcomes at the last visit. Results: Fifty-six patients were included [29 (51.80%) male; median age at final visit 54.00 months]. Antenatal diagnosis occurred in 34 (60.70%), and CPAM was the most frequent lesion (50.00%). Preoperative radiology and postoperative histopathology were concordant in 80.40%. Median age at surgery was numerically lower in prenatally diagnosed patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (11.00 vs. 33.50 months, Conclusion: In this single-center retrospective cohort, somatic growth after resection of CTM was generally normal and lung function largely preserved, with infrequent chronic respiratory morbidity. No statistically significant differences were detected between antenatally and postnatally diagnosed patients, although the study was underpowered to exclude smaller differences and spirometry was available in only a subset of children. These observations are hypothesis-generating and support comprehensive, family-centered long-term follow-up.
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