ArticleFrontiers in molecular biosciences2026
Longitudinal
Article in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with systemic metabolic alterations that may evolve during disease progression and in response to pharmacological treatment. This study employed a longitudinal Methods: Serum samples were collected longitudinally to identify phase-specific metabolic signatures. Following phenobarbital administration, animals were classified as drug-sensitive or drug-resistant according to their treatment response. The resulting metabolic profiles were investigated using multivariate and univariate statistical analyses. Results: The analysis revealed progressive systemic metabolic remodeling characterized by extensive alterations in lipid-related signals and significant increases in the ketone bodies 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, as well as in glutamine. Following phenobarbital treatment, OPLS-DA showed a strong metabolic similarity between the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant groups, which occupied nearly identical metabolic spaces. Nevertheless, after stratification, creatine emerged as the only significantly different metabolite between responders and non-responders (p = 0.001). Discussion: The convergence of the metabolic profiles of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant animals suggests that the systemic effects of chronic epilepsy and phenobarbital treatment dominate the serum metabolome, potentially masking subtle molecular signatures associated with drug resistance. Creatine represents a notable exception and warrants further investigation as a potential marker distinguishing responders from non-responders.
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