Dual X-Ray and Optical System for In Situ Monitoring of Solids Fraction in Tailings.

Talwinder Kaur Sraw, Bo Yu, Xiaoxuan Liu, Jason Ng, Andrea Sedgwick, Manisha Gupta, Robert Fedosejevs, Ying Yin Tsui

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Talwinder Kaur SrawDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.

Bo YuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.

Xiaoxuan LiuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0101-9494

Jason NgCentre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, 10210 Princess Elizabeth Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T5G 0Y2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1893-6814

Andrea SedgwickCentre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, 10210 Princess Elizabeth Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T5G 0Y2, Canada.

Manisha GuptaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.

Robert FedosejevsDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3307-4909

Ying Yin TsuiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3353-7790

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A sensing apparatus was developed to quantify solids fraction within a 3 m test column, demonstrating real-time monitoring of tailings sedimentation. This integrated system employs a low-power infrared laser coupled with scattering detectors alongside a low-activity radioactive source and detector. Both methodologies utilize non-destructive principles to evaluate the concentration of solids. Specifically, X-ray transmission through the medium provides a measure of the solids fraction, as X-ray attenuation corresponds to the solids percentage. Concurrently, the optical component detects radiation backscatter from the sample. To ensure precision, both instruments underwent calibration using reference materials. Experimental evaluations were conducted using two configurations: a fixed array and a depth-profiling setup. The former utilized a 2.5 m plastic column with integrated sensors placed within a settling vessel to acquire data at discrete depths. Conversely, the depth-profiling configuration involved a submersible mobile unit lowered into the column to characterize the solids profile at arbitrary depths.

Indexed as

infrared laser-based detectionmulti-pixel photon countersradioactive sensing elementsscintillating crystalline materialsX-ray attenuation monitoring

Identifiers

PMID42740265

DOI10.3390/s26175645

PMCPMC13568083

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.