Experimental Study of a Digital Feedback Fluxgate Magnetometer Using a Fifth-Order Single-Loop 1-Bit Sigma-Delta Modulator.

Shang Lv, Jindong Wang, Yiteng Zhang, Xuanming Cui

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shang LvState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Jindong WangState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Yiteng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7229-4664

Xuanming CuiState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Funding

Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science II XDA1535010203Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences XDA0470302

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Digital fluxgate magnetometers have been widely used in deep space exploration due to their low noise, high sensitivity, and high reliability. This paper presents a digital fluxgate magnetometer using a fifth-order single-loop 1-bit Sigma-Delta modulator. With a consistent system structure, measurement range, test setup, and calculation method, the characteristics of magnetic field measurement noise and non-linear error are obtained under four OSR configurations through simulation analysis and experimental testing. The test results show that within the range of ±65,000 nT, the system achieves its optimal performance with a non-linearity of 0.024%, an RMS noise of 0.106 nT, and a noise power spectral density of 5.7 pT·Hz

Indexed as

1-bit Sigma–Delta modulationdigital feedback fluxgate magnetometerlow-frequency noiseoversampling ratiosystem non-linearity

Identifiers

PMID42740211

DOI10.3390/s26175592

PMCPMC13568230

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.