ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
A UV-Cured Polymer/Aluminum-Microparticle Photothermal Encapsulated Liquid-Filled Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Hot-Wire Anemometer.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
A high-sensitivity fiber-optic hot-wire anemometer based on a liquid-filled leaky-guided fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (LGFMZI) with UV-cured polymer/aluminum-microparticle photothermal encapsulation is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensing element consists of a side-polished-fiber-assisted liquid-filled hollow-core fiber structure, in which a refractive-index-selected liquid core is introduced through a microslit to tailor the modal effective refractive-index difference and enlarge the free spectral range. The sensing region is uniformly encapsulated with a UV-cured NOA81 polymer layer containing aluminum microparticles. This encapsulation layer serves as both a photothermal conversion layer under 980 nm LD heating and a mechanical reinforcement layer. Under laser heating, the sensor is subsequently cooled by external airflow, converting wind-velocity variations into monotonic wavelength shifts. Experimental results show that, at an LD current of 80 mA corresponding to an optical power of 16 mW, the single-wavelength-dip sensor achieves a maximum airflow sensitivity of -22.922 nm/(m/s). The device also exhibits a fast transient response, with a rise time of 0.606 s and a fall time of 0.316 s. The proposed liquid-filled LGFMZI combines simple fabrication, photothermal encapsulation, high spectral readability, and stable airflow response, making it suitable for real-time fiber-optic hot-wire anemometry.
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