ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Beyond the Storm: CXCL9 and the New Era of Precision Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Diagnostics.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is associated with high mortality, underscoring the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment. However, accurate and timely diagnosis is challenging due to its similarities with other acute inflammatory conditions. Traditional diagnostic frameworks rely on fever, lymphadenopathy, cytopenias, hyperferritinemia, hypofibrinogenemia, and related laboratory abnormalities, many of which may reflect either HLH or the underlying condition that triggered or mimics it. Newer diagnostics have emerged that are based on the underlying disease biology, particularly interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-driven immune activation. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9), a downstream marker of IFN-γ activity, has emerged as a promising adjunctive biomarker for HLH diagnosis, risk stratification, monitoring treatment response, and detection of disease reactivation. This narrative review examines the current evidence surrounding CXCL9 and its role in HLH.
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