ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Comparative Sensitivity of Canine Swim-Up Sperm Fractions Treated with Antifreeze Protein and Trehalose Following Freeze-Thaw.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is widely used in reproductive biotechnology, but the freeze-thaw process often reduces sperm quality by impairing motility, viability, and DNA integrity. This study assessed how antifreeze protein III (AFP III; 1.5 µg/mL) and trehalose (25 mM), alone or combined, influence post-thaw sperm quality in swim-up fractions. After routine semen evaluation, ejaculates were separated into upper, native, and lower fractions and diluted in a Tris-fructose-egg yolk extender containing the additives. Post-thaw analyses covered motility, kinematic parameters, apoptosis, intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H
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