Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites by Constructing a "Three-Dimensional Nanospider Web" Rigid-Flexible Interface Layer.

Xiaoda Wei, Yi Bian, Kang Jin, Ruiling Lv, Wenkang Yi, Ruina Ma, Xue Zhao, Mingxu Yang

Abstract read

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Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xiaoda WeiState Key Laboratory of High Performance Roll Materials and Composite Forming, Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Yi BianState Key Laboratory of Advanced Molding Technology and Equipment, China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100048, China.

Kang JinChina Machinery Industry Technology Research Institute of Precision Forming, Wuhu 241000, China.

Ruiling LvState Key Laboratory of High Performance Roll Materials and Composite Forming, Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Wenkang YiState Key Laboratory of High Performance Roll Materials and Composite Forming, Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Ruina MaState Key Laboratory of High Performance Roll Materials and Composite Forming, Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Xue ZhaoState Key Laboratory of High Performance Roll Materials and Composite Forming, Hebei Key Laboratory of New Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Mingxu YangSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Funding

Major Special Project of National Key Laboratory of Tianjin No. 25ZXZSSS00140Special Project of Local Science and Technology Development, Guided by the Central Government of China No. 246Z1506Gthe S&T Program of Hebei No. 25361001D

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To enhance the mechanical properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs), this study devised a novel three-dimensional web-like "rigid-flexible" surface modification strategy. The synergistic incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), polydopamine (PDA), and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) constructed a "three-dimensional nanospider web" modulus transition layer. The modified carbon-fiber (CF-0.1%CNT-PDA-CNF) surface exhibits a three-dimensional network structure, with significantly increased surface roughness. The surface energy increased by 128.60% compared to the desized carbon fiber, thereby improving the wettability of the carbon-fiber surface. The results of both PeakForce-Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (PF-QNM) and EDS analyses indicate that a transition layer of a certain thickness initially formed at the interface. At the interface, the modulus exhibits a gradual gradient decrease from carbon fiber to epoxy resin, achieving more efficient stress transfer. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS, 95.71 MPa), interlaminar shear strength (ILSS, 73.19 MPa), tensile strength (701.08 MPa), and flexural strength (934.41 MPa) of the CF-0.1%CNT-PDA-CNF/EP composite material increased by 38.39%, 54.93%, 51.74%, and 64.98%, respectively, compared to the composite material made from desized carbon fiber. Through hydrogen bonding, covalent bonding, and π-π interactions, CNTs, CNFs and PDA formed a "rigid-flexible" transition layer with a modulus gradient at the CF-epoxy interface, achieving a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of the composite material.

Indexed as

carbon fibermechanical propertiesmodulus transitionsurface modification

Identifiers

PMID42738122

DOI10.3390/ma19173685

PMCPMC13567370

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.