Quality-Gated Circularity Assessment of PET, Aluminium, and Reusable Glass Packaging in Deposit Return Systems.

Olga Orynycz, Jonas Matijošius, Andrzej Wasiak, Marta Wakulewska, Michał Sąsiadek

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Olga OrynyczDepartment of Production Management, Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45A, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2056-3260

Jonas MatijošiusMechanical Science Institute, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University-VILNIUS TECH, Plytinės Str. 25, LT-10105 Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0001-6006-9470

Andrzej WasiakDepartment of Social and Technical Sciences, University College of Professional Education, Plac Powstańców Śląskich 1/201, 53-329 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0991-8665

Marta WakulewskaFaculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45A, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0000-3411-432X

Michał SąsiadekInstitute of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Gora, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland.

Funding

Bialystok University of Technology No. WZ/WIZ-INZ/2/2025

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deposit return systems (DRS) can increase the capture of beverage packaging, but material circularity is not determined by return rate alone. A returned container contributes to high-value circularity only if it passes recognition, sorting, pre-processing, and material-specific quality gates. This article evaluates the material-quality performance of three returned beverage-packaging materials-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aluminium and reusable glass-using a quality-gated high-value recovery framework. The model defines a high-quality recovery index,

Indexed as

aluminium canclosed-loop recyclingfood-contact recyclingmaterial circularitymaterial-flow analysisPETquality gatereusable glassrPET

Identifiers

PMID42738106

DOI10.3390/ma19173669

PMCPMC13566988

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.