Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42738048›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Clay and Microsilica Additives' Effect on the Properties and Structure of Injectable Cement-Clay Mortars for Soil Consolidation.

Evgenii M Shcherban', Sergey A Stel'makh, Alexey N Beskopylny, Diana M Shakhalieva, Andrei Chernil'nik, Natalya Shcherban', Valery Varavka, Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Evgenii M Shcherban'Department of Engineering Geometry and Computer Graphics, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0001-5376-247X
Sergey A Stel'makhDepartment of Unique Buildings and Constructions Engineering, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-0364-5504
Alexey N BeskopylnyDepartment of Transport Systems, Faculty of Roads and Transport Systems, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-6173-9365
Diana M ShakhalievaDepartment of Design, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-8086-6300
Andrei Chernil'nikDepartment of Unique Buildings and Constructions Engineering, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-0103-2587
Natalya Shcherban'Department of Unique Buildings and Constructions Engineering, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0001-7829-6401
Valery VaravkaResearch and Education Center "Materials", Don State Technical University, Gagarin Sq. 1, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
Yasin Onuralp ÖzkılıçDepartment of Unique Buildings and Constructions Engineering, Don State Technical University, 344003 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.ORCID 0000-0001-9354-4784

Funding

Russian Science Foundation 25-79-32007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The potential of clay as a replacement for Portland cement in the manufacture of injection cement-clay mortars (ICCMs) for soil stabilization is examined in this investigation. The objective of this study is to produce environmentally friendly injection-molded mortars for soil stabilization based on Portland cement (PC) and clay (C). Experimental ICCMs with C contents ranging from 0% to 50% without the addition of microsilica (MS) and ICCMs with C contents ranging from 0% to 50% and 2% MS were produced. The evaluation included the density, water segregation, and cone spread diameter of fresh ICCMs, alongside the density, flexural strength, and compressive strength of hardened ICCMs. The findings indicated that as C content rose from 0% to 50%, fresh mortars experienced a decrease in density, flowability, and water segregation. Hardened mortars exhibited reduced density, compressive strength, and flexural strength as C content increased. Modifying mortars with MS has a positive effect on their strength properties. The reduction in flexural and compressive strength for mortars with 50% C was 54.2% and 60.1%, respectively, while for similar mortars with 2% MS, the reduction in strength was 47.9% and 51.8%, respectively. ICCM soil stabilization compositions modified with MS are the most effective in comparison with similar compositions without MS and have a homogeneous structure with pores, microcracks, and hydration reaction product zones. The optimal ratios of raw components for the production of ICCMs for soil stabilization were determined: a water-solid ratio of 0.6, PC content from 90% to 50%, C content from 10% to 50%, and an MS content of 2% of the dry component weight. This research contributes to sustainable development by reducing CO

Indexed as

claycompressive strengthconcreteflexural strengthinjection cement–clay mortarsmicrosilica

Identifiers

PMID42738048
PMCPMC13566817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.