ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Baicalein Attenuates Eosinophilic Rhinosinusitis by Suppressing ALOX15-Mediated M2 Macrophage Function.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) is characterized by type 2 inflammation, including M2 macrophage infiltration. Baicalein is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of baicalein in a papain-induced eosinophilic rhinosinusitis model and to determine whether it acts through arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15)-dependent M2 macrophage function. Clinical nasal samples from controls, non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (neCRSwNP), and eCRSwNP were analyzed for ALOX15 expression and localization. THP-1 cells were differentiated and polarized toward M2 macrophages, and the effects of baicalein on ALOX15 expression, lipid peroxidation, cytokine secretion, and transcriptomic profile were examined. The ALOX15 inhibitor PD146176 was used for target validation. A murine eosinophilic rhinosinusitis model was established by intranasal papain instillation, followed by baicalein treatment. Mucosal inflammation, IgE levels, proteoglycan 2 (PRG2)/ALOX15 expression, and immune cell infiltration were evaluated. ALOX15 was upregulated in eCRSwNP tissues and localized to CD68
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