ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Label-Free Urinary Proteomics Uncovers Immune-Related Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Primary Biliary Cholangitis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) currently depends on invasive liver biopsy or serum markers with inadequate diagnostic performance. This study aimed to identify non-invasive urinary protein biomarkers for PBC detection. Urine specimens from biopsy-verified PBC patients and healthy controls were processed through ultracentrifugation-based protein extraction, enzymatic digestion, and HPLC-ESI-IT/MS proteomic profiling; protein quantification was completed using Spectronaut v14.8. We identified 194 differentially expressed urinary proteins (109 upregulated, 85 downregulated) and screened 10 immune-related candidates through GO and KEGG enrichment. Pearson correlation further filtered three core proteins, osteopontin (SPP1/OPN), RAMP3 and S100A8, that correlated significantly with key PBC biochemical indices (ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, IgM,
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