ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Gut Microbiota Alter Colonic Expression of Genes Encoding Drug Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Mice.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Gut microbiota regulate the intestinal expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and barrier properties that determine oral drug absorption and disposition. This study compares germ-free Swiss Webster mice to mice colonized with fecal microbiota from a single human donor, evaluating microbiota-driven differences in colonic gene expression and P-gp protein expression, as well as small intestinal mucosal permeability. Transcriptomic analysis of colonic tissue revealed microbiota-induced upregulation of genes encoding P-gp and other drug transporters, including MCT1 and OCTN2. Immunofluorescence also indicated greater P-gp expression and apical localization in colonized mice. Gene expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes was also higher in colonized mice, including phase I enzymes (carboxylesterase 2 paralogs), phase II enzymes (UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and glutathione S-transferases), and enzymes responsible for synthesizing their co-substrates, UDP-glucuronic acid and glutathione. Small intestinal mucosal explants demonstrated lower permeability to
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