ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Microbiological Hazards, Not Undeclared Allergens, Dominate United States Food Recalls: An Analysis of 24,761 Product Recall Records, 2013-2025.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Two claims dominate popular discussion of US food safety: (1) Food recalls are rising year over year, and (2) undeclared allergens have become the leading cause. In this study, we aimed to (1) test both claims against the openFDA Food Enforcement bulk export for fiscal years (FY) 2013-2025, the post-FSMA-core period following implementation of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), including 24,761 conventional human-food product recall records; (2) identify the dominant microbiological hazards and undeclared allergens that drive FDA recalls; (3) compare the FDA recall record with USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) recalls of meat, poultry, and egg products; and (4) evaluate potential correlations between FDA and FSIS recall activity and the foodborne-illness burden recorded in CDC's National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS). Product recall records were recoded into five hazard categories using a validated 70-rule keyword scheme. Our analysis showed that annual product recall records did not increase (mean falling from 2403/yr in FY2013-2017 to 1593/yr in FY2018-2025, Welch t = 3.08,
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