Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42737280›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Development and Consumer Acceptance of Low-Sugar Gummy Candies Naturally Colored with Sorghum Leaf Polyphenols.

Jaymi Peterson, Mayra Perez-Fajardo, Cole Peterson, Adina L Santana, Conrad Kabus, Ryan Ardoin, Dmitriy Smolensky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jaymi PetersonGrain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-9545-3252
Mayra Perez-FajardoGrain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA.
Cole PetersonCollege of Business Administration, Kansas State University, 919 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Adina L SantanaDepartment of Grain and Food Science, Kansas State University, 1301 Mid-Campus Drive, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0799-0946
Conrad KabusDepartment of Grain and Food Science, Kansas State University, 1301 Mid-Campus Drive, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Ryan ArdoinFood Processing and Sensory Quality Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4292-1468
Dmitriy SmolenskyGrain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8128-2681

Funding

United States Department of Agriculture 3020-43440-001-00D
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rising rates of obesity and diabetes have increased demand for sugar-free products, while consumers also seek natural colorants and foods offering functional health benefits. Sorghum leaves, an underutilized part of the plant, contain health-promoting polyphenolic compounds with bioactive and coloring properties. Incorporating sorghum leaf-derived polyphenols into foods may meet both producer and consumer interest in natural colorants and value-added ingredients. This study aimed to incorporate sorghum leaf polyphenol extracts into sugar-free gelatin candies. Four formulations were produced: artificial-low color, natural-low color, artificial-high color, and natural-high color candies. Instrumental texture was evaluated using firmness and springiness measurements. Water activity was recorded using a water activity meter. Color was assessed with a colorimeter. Total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Consumers' (N = 105) acceptance of sensory properties was evaluated using 9-point hedonic scales, and purchase intent was measured before and after colorant source and sweetener informational messaging. Natural colorant formulations had significantly higher water activity than artificially colored candies. Instrumental firmness and springiness differed significantly (

Indexed as

3-deoxyanthocyanidinsantioxidantsfunctional foodphytochemicalssorghumsorghum leaves

Identifiers

PMID42737280
PMCPMC13565140

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.