Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42736293›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Heterogeneously integrated photonic terahertz transmitter on thin-film lithium niobate.

Luyu Wang, Hanke Feng, Liga Bai, Zhouze Zhang, Zhe Ding, Yifan Wu, Linze Li, Dingran Gu, Tianyu Long, Lu Zhang and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Luyu Wang *School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9846-6607
Hanke Feng *Department of Electrical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-5352
Liga Bai *College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-1019-7481
Zhouze Zhang *School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5002-9696
Zhe DingCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-7272-3162
Yifan WuDepartment of Electrical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Linze LiSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-3915
Dingran GuSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Tianyu LongSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9320-6338
Lu ZhangCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9567-155X
Xianbin YuCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhidong LyuCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. zdlyu@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6610-8819
Cheng WangDepartment of Electrical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cwang257@cityu.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-1422
Baile ChenSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. chenbl@shanghaitech.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-5787

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 61975121Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) 306 STG3/E-704/23-NResearch Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) C1002-22YResearch Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) CityU 11204022Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) CityU 11204523Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) STG3 E-104 25-N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Terahertz (THz) communication unlocks massive capacity for future data-intensive networks. While photonics-based THz systems offer broad bandwidths, their reliance on discrete optical assemblies dictates substantial coupling losses and bulky footprints. Achieving complete on-chip integration without degrading the bandwidth or efficiency of discrete optoelectronic components remains a central challenge. Here, we demonstrate an integrated photonic THz transmitter by heterogeneously bonding an InP-based uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (UTC-PD) to a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) modulator chip. This architecture successfully merges TFLN's excellent electro-optic response with robust III-V THz generation, featuring an integrated photodiode with a benchmark 3-dB bandwidth of 240 GHz and 0.67 A/W internal responsivity. In sub-THz wireless links, the transmitter delivers 40 Gbit/s at 150 GHz and 32 Gbit/s at 200 GHz using NRZ or PAM4 formats, establishing a scalable pathway for next-generation wireless interconnects.

Identifiers

PMID42736293
PMCPMC13575158

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.