ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2026
Sex and stress paradigm influence behavioural, neuroimmune, and microbiome responses in pubertal CD-1 mice.
Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Puberty is a critical developmental period marked by heightened vulnerability to stress. Exposure to pubertal stress can have lasting effects on behaviour, immune function, and the gut-brain axis. The NLRP3 inflammasome and gut microbiome are key regulators of neuroinflammation, yet their roles across distinct pubertal stress paradigms remain unclear. This study compared behavioural, immune, and microbial outcomes in 100 CD-1 mice following chronic unpredictable stress (CUS; 14 or 28 days) or 7-day sleep disruption (SD) in pubertal males and females. Behavioural testing revealed stressor- and sex-specific effects: females spent more time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze, SD reduced open-arm exploration, 14-day CUS reduced centre activity in the open field, and SD increased immobility in the forced swim test. Plasma cytokines showed divergent patterns, with IL-22 elevated across stress conditions and IL-17A highest following 28-day CUS and in females overall. In the prefrontal cortex, SD males exhibited increased
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