Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42733422›Full record

ArticleEClinicalMedicine2026

Pediatric yeast fungaemia species patterns, resistance profiles, and outcomes: a 20-year surveillance study in Paris, France.

Fanny Alby-Laurent, Thomas Obadia, Maud Gits-Muselli, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Benoit Brethon, Patricia Mariani, Juliette Guitard, Françoise Botterel, Elisabeth Chachaty, Karine Boukris-Sitbon and 4 more

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Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Fanny Alby-LaurentInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.
Thomas ObadiaInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.
Maud Gits-MuselliMicrobiology Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France.
Marie-Elisabeth BougnouxMycology Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France.
Benoit BrethonPaediactric Hematology and Immunology Department, Robert Debré Academic Hospital, GHU AP-HP Nord Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Patricia MarianiMicrobiology Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France.
Juliette GuitardService de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Françoise BotterelMycology Department, Hôpital Bicêtre, Paris, France.
Elisabeth ChachatyMicrobiology Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris, France.
Karine Boukris-SitbonInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.
French Mycoses Study Group
Olivier LortholaryInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.
Marie Desnos-OllivierInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.
Fanny LanternierInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Mycology Translational Research Group, Mycology Department, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The epidemiology of pediatric yeast bloodstream infections remains poorly characterized in high-income settings despite global shifts over the past two decades. As fungal species distribution varies geographically, national surveillance is essential. In France, recent reports have focused predominantly on adults, leaving a significant evidence gap for children. Methods: We analyzed data from the YEASTS program, a prospective multicentre hospital-based surveillance study conducted in 27 hospitals in the Paris area, France, between Oct 1, 2002, and Dec 31, 2022. All incident episodes of yeast bloodstream infection diagnosed during this period, were eligible. For the primary analysis, we included children and adolescents aged 6 months to 16 years; neonates and recurrent episodes were excluded. Adult cases (>16 years) recorded during the same period were included for comparison. Species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing, using EUCAST standardized method, were performed at the National Reference Center of invasive Mycoses and Antifungals (NRCMA). The primary objective was to describe the epidemiology of yeast bloodstream infections in children and adolescents and compare findings with those observed in adults (>16 years). The main outcomes assessed were species distribution, antifungal susceptibility patterns, treatment strategies, and 30-day all-cause mortality. Findings: Among 346 pediatric episodes, hematological malignancy was the main underlying condition (20.5%). Interpretation: Pediatric yeast bloodstream infections exhibit distinct epidemiological characteristics, species distribution, antifungal exposure patterns, and outcomes compared with adult infections. Future research should focus on prospective age-stratified studies to better define optimal antifungal treatment strategies, evaluate the clinical significance of emerging and resistant yeast species, and identify factors associated with poor outcomes in pediatric patients. Funding: Santé Publique France and Institut Pasteur.

Indexed as

Antifungal resistanceChildrenEpidemiology candidemiaInvasive fungal diseaseRisk factorsYeast bloodstream infection

Identifiers

PMID42733422
PMCPMC13571122

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.