Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42733037›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction as a physiological biomarker in vascular cognitive impairment: A study in older adults enriched for small vessel diseases.

Jie Song, Wen Shi, Julia Suconic, Kaisha Hazel, George Pottanat, Ebony Jones, Tyler Deane, Archana Sharma, Cuimei Xu, Kumiko Oishi and 11 more

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Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Jie SongDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8533-5893
Wen ShiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5312-4889
Julia SuconicThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Kaisha HazelThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
George PottanatThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ebony JonesThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Tyler DeaneThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Archana SharmaThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Cuimei XuThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Kumiko OishiThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-0613
Yifan GouDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Zhiyi HuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Xin LiThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Paul RosenbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Rita KalyaniDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abhay MoghekarDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Sevil YasarDivision of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Doris LinThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Marilyn AlbertDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Hanzhang LuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3871-1564
Dengrong JiangThe Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-1020

Funding

TRD 4: Platforms for multi-modal and multi-scale imaging dataP41EB031771 · NIBIB · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI Hanzhang Lu, Peter CM Van Zijl · 2021 to 2026
$9.9M
Validation of small vessel vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) biomarkersU01NS100588 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ALBERT, MARILYN S., LU, HANZHANG · 2023 to 2025
$4.1M
Physiological imaging markers in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID)R01AG085299 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Hanzhang Lu · 2024 to 2026
$2.3M
Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: from humans to animal modelsR01AG071515 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Hanzhang Lu · 2024 to 2026
$1.6M
MR imaging of venous transit time in vascular cognitive impairment and dementiaR01AG091312 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Hanzhang Lu · 2026 to 2026
$465k
MRI assessment of cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in the medial temporal lobe as a biomarker in Alzheimer's diseaseR21AG079098 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI LU, HANZHANG · 2022 to 2022
$450k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG071515NIA NIH HHS R01 AG085299NIA NIH HHS R01 AG091312NIA NIH HHS R21 AG079098NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB031771NIH HHS P41EB031771NIH HHS R01AG071515NIH HHS R01AG085299NIH HHS R01AG091312NIH HHS R21AG079098NIH HHS U01NS100588NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS100588
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionVascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a common cause of cognitive impairment, yet validated biomarkers, particularly those reflecting vascular function, remain lacking. Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), which reflects the functional status of cerebral small vessels, is a potential physiological biomarker for VCID. We tested this hypothesis in older adults enriched for small vessel diseases, controlling for Alzheimer's disease (AD) co-pathology.

methodsComprehensive cognitive, plasma, and imaging data were collected from 81 older adults with at least one vascular risk factor. OEF in major cerebral veins was quantified using magnetic resonance imaging. Associations between OEF and cognition, vascular, and plasma AD biomarkers were evaluated.

resultsIn this VCID-enriched cohort, poorer global cognition and executive function were associated with elevated OEF, but not with plasma phosphorylated tau 217. Increased OEF correlated with more vascular risk factors and greater white matter hyperintensity volume. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that elevated OEF in individuals with vascular risks is a physiological biomarker for VCID.

Indexed as

BrainCognitive DysfunctionDementia, VascularOxygenAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleRisk Factorstau ProteinsBiomarkersOxygentau ProteinsAlzheimer's diseasecognitionoxygen extraction fractionplasma phosphorylated tau217vascular cognitive impairment and dementiavascular risk factor

Identifiers

PMID42733037
PMCPMC13572574

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.