ArticleJournal of medical cases2026
Hyperviscosity Syndrome as a Rare Presentation of Immunoglobulin G Kappa Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Successfully Treated With Daratumumab.
Article in Journal of medical cases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) is an oncologic emergency most commonly associated with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia and immunoglobulin (Ig)M paraproteinemia. Clinically, significant HVS in smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), particularly IgG-associated disease without overt CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone lesions) criteria, is exceedingly rare. We report a unique case of IgG kappa smoldering myeloma complicated by symptomatic HVS, manifesting with retinal hemorrhage, epistaxis, and gross hematuria, despite the absence of overt end-organ myeloma-defining events. A 70-year-old patient with Sjogren syndrome and longstanding monoclonal gammopathy showed gradual progression from high-risk monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to smoldering myeloma over several years. Bone marrow biopsy showed 10% plasma cells, with no high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities on limited fluorescence
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