ReviewOrthopedic research and reviews2026
Forearm Nonunion and Segmental Bone Defects: A Focused Review of Masquelet Reconstruction and Free Vascularized Bone Grafting.
Review in Orthopedic research and reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Segmental bone loss and chronic nonunion of the forearm present major reconstructive challenges due to the forearm's unique functional anatomy and the frequent coexistence of biological compromise, infection, and soft-tissue deficiency. The purpose of this review is to analyze the pathophysiology of forearm nonunion and to compare the Masquelet induced membrane technique (IMT) and free vascularized bone grafting (VBG) as contemporary reconstructive strategies, focusing on indications, biological rationale, outcomes, and complications. A narrative review of the English-language literature was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with searches performed through December to February 2026. Search terms included combinations of:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.