ArticleCase reports in immunology2026
Severe Polymicrobial Pneumonia With Septicemia After Interruption of Immunoglobulin Replacement in X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: A Case Report.
Article in Case reports in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inherited primary immunodeficiency characterized by impaired B-cell maturation, profound hypogammaglobulinemia, and susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections. Lifelong immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT) is essential to reduce infectious complications, but treatment interruptions may markedly increase infection risk. Case Presentation: An 18-year-old male with XLA discontinued regular intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement for 12 months because of financial constraints. He presented with fever, productive cough, pleuritic chest pain, hypoxemia, leukocytosis, and elevated inflammatory markers. His serum IgG level was 98.10 mg/dL. Chest computed tomography showed consolidation of the right middle and lower lobes without cavitation or bronchiectasis. Blood cultures and molecular testing of respiratory specimens identified both Conclusion: This case highlights the consequences of interrupted immunoglobulin replacement in XLA and the importance of combining pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy with restoration of humoral protection in severe infection. It also illustrates how financial barriers may compromise continuity of lifelong treatment.
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