ArticleBrain communications2026
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation stabilizes retinal atrophy in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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14 authors.
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Abstract
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for aggressive multiple sclerosis refractory to disease-modifying therapies. Yet, its impact on neurodegeneration remains underexplored, and few predictive biomarkers for clinical outcomes after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation exist. We investigated whether autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation attenuates retinal neurodegeneration and whether optical coherence tomography-derived retinal measures predict disability progression after transplantation. In this single-centre longitudinal cohort study, optical coherence tomography was performed in people with multiple sclerosis treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and non-transplanted controls with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Retinal layer atrophy rates pre-transplantation and up to 36 months post-transplantation were estimated using linear mixed-effects models, and post-transplantation rates were compared with those of non-transplanted controls. Cumulative link mixed models were used to assess whether baseline retinal layer thickness predicted clinical progression after transplantation. The autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation cohort included 39 participants [23/39 (59%) female], comprising 23 with relapsing-remitting [15/23 (65%) female], 8 with secondary progressive [5/8 (62.5%) female] and 8 with primary progressive multiple sclerosis [3/8 (37.5%) female]. The relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis control cohort on disease-modifying treatment included 48 participants [31/48 (65%) female]. In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation reduced thinning of the ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer by 0.65 µm/year (95% CI 0.16 to 1.15,
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