Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42729563›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

Communication across autism, ADHD, and non-clinical groups: examining autistic and ADHD traits from a dimensional perspective.

Ramona Cardillo, Rachele Lievore, Enrico Toffalini, Giulia Crisci, Irene Cristina Mammarella

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Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ramona Cardillo *Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Rachele Lievore *Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Enrico ToffaliniDepartment of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Giulia CrisciDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Irene Cristina MammarellaDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Communication difficulties are common among youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, traits associated with ASD and ADHD are continuously distributed in the general population, raising the question of how communication differences are better described when considering both diagnostic categories and dimensional trait variation. Methods: This study included 493 Italian children and adolescents aged 7-16 years old ( Results: Both clinical groups showed significant communication difficulties compared to ND peers, with large effect sizes (ASD-ND: Discussion: These findings suggest that communication difficulties may be usefully described in relation to continuous ASD and ADHD trait variation, while preserving the clinical relevance of diagnostic categories.

Indexed as

ADHDadolescentsautismchildrencommunicationdimensional framework

Identifiers

PMID42729563
PMCPMC13562298

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.