Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42729312›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Synergistic effects of intradialytic concurrent training and melatonin supplementation on immune cell adaptations in hemodialysis patients.

Houssem Marzougui, Hend Hachicha, Rami Maaloul, Imen Ben Dhia, Salma Toumi, Choumous Kallel, Hanen Maamri, Khaoula Kammoun, Fatma Ayadi, Hatem Masmoudi and 2 more

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Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Houssem MarzouguiResearch Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human Pathology LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Hend HachichaImmunology Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Rami MaaloulResearch Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human Pathology LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Imen Ben DhiaEM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Salma ToumiNephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Choumous KallelHematology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Hanen MaamriDepartment of Community Health and Epidemiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Khaoula KammounNephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Fatma AyadiResearch Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human Pathology LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Hatem MasmoudiImmunology Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Omar HammoudaResearch Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human Pathology LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Mohamed Ben HmidaNephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Tunisia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Immune dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation contribute substantially to morbidity and cardiovascular risk in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Both exercise-based interventions and melatonin supplementation have demonstrated immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential; however, their combined long-term effects remain unclear. This study investigated whether a 12-week intradialytic concurrent training (ICT) program with melatonin supplementation could improve hematological and immune cell profiles in HD patients. Methods: Thirty HD patients were randomly allocated to ICT with melatonin (ICT-MEL), ICT with placebo (ICT-PLA), or control with placebo (C-PLA). ICT groups trained three times per week. During the intervention, participants received either 3 mg of melatonin (ICT-MEL) or placebo (ICT-PLA and C-PLA) nightly before nocturnal sleep. Pre- and post-intervention blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters, adaptive lymphocyte subsets (CD4 Results: Hematological measures remained stable from pre-to post-intervention across all groups. In contrast, the ICT-MEL intervention induced significant within-group improvements in T-cell immunity, including increases in CD4 Conclusion: ICT combined with melatonin supplementation was associated with favorable changes in immune cell populations in patients undergoing HD, including improved T-cell profiles and reduced intermediate monocyte subsets. These findings suggest potentially beneficial immunological adaptations and are consistent with a synergistic effect of exercise and MEL supplementation in this population.

Indexed as

cardiovascular riskconcurrent traininghemodialysisimmune modulationintradialytic exercisemelatoninmonocyte subtypesT lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID42729312
PMCPMC13562045

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