ArticleBMC public health2026
Cognitive heterogeneity, health dynamics, and subjective well-being across adulthood: evidence from the German SOEP longitudinal panel.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSelf-rated health is an important correlate of life satisfaction, but the strength of this association varies across individuals. The present study examined whether cognitive clusters derived from performance-based measures of verbal knowledge and response-time characteristics moderate the within-person association between changes in self-rated health and life satisfaction.
methodsPerformance-based cognitive measures from the German Socio-Economic Panel Innovation Sample (SOEP-IS) were used to derive cognitive profiles based on verbal knowledge, processing speed, and processing-speed variability. Cognitive profiles assessed in 2014 were linked prospectively to longitudinal observations from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP-CORE) collected between 2014 and 2023. Random-effects within-between linear mixed-effects models examined the association between within-person changes in self-rated health and life satisfaction and tested whether this association was moderated by cognitive profile. Additional between-person analyses examined associations between cognitive profiles and self-rated health, life satisfaction, and affect.
resultsCognitive clusters were associated with between-person differences in self-rated health and subjective well-being. In the primary longitudinal model, within-person improvements in self-rated health were associated with small increases in life satisfaction, although this association was attenuated in the survey-weighted sensitivity analysis. Cognitive clusters did not explain individual differences in how changes in self-rated health translated into changes in life satisfaction over time, a finding that was consistent across sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsFindings suggest that the cognitive performance measures examined here are associated with between-person differences in self-rated health and subjective well-being but do not systematically account for individual differences in how life satisfaction responds to changes in self-rated health over time.
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