ArticleDermatology and therapy2026
Temporally Optimized Antioxidant Serums for Daytime Defense and Nighttime Repair: A Multicenter Clinical Investigation.
Article in Dermatology and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSensitive skin affects up to 70% of the global population, linked to oxidative stress, barrier dysfunction, and disrupted skin biorhythms. The skin's daytime defense and nighttime repair cycles provide rationale for temporally optimized formulations. We evaluated complementary day and night serums incorporating GALLIC-AOX POWER™ technology, triple molecular weight hyaluronic acid, niacinamide (day), and pro-vitamin B5, centella asiatica, and bifida ferment lysate (night).
methodsProspective, multicenter preclinical and clinical studies were conducted across China, the USA, and Europe (September 2024-February 2025). A total of 806 adults (aged 18-70 years, all Fitzpatrick phototypes) were enrolled across ~20 independent studies of the day serum, night serum, or both combined. Because several studies assessed more than one product, subject counts overlap and are not additive: 368 (day), 379 (night), and 168 (regimen). Assessments included bioinstrumentation, digital imaging, blinded clinical grading, antioxidant biomarkers, skin renewal, and Sensiscale-10.
resultsThe day serum provided significant antioxidant protection: after cigarette smoke challenge, malondialdehyde (MDA) and squalene monohydroperoxide (SQOOH) returned toward baseline (~100% and ~90% neutralization); blue light challenge preserved ~40% of catalase activity. A single application produced immediate hydration (+71%) and barrier improvement (-18% transepidermal water loss (TEWL)) sustained 24 h. By day 28, sensitivity declined 86%, wrinkles 31%, and pore visibility improved. The night serum gave comparable hydration (+60%) and barrier benefits (-15% TEWL), with 94% recovery by day 14 and accelerated renewal from day 21. Sensitivity declined 89%, with gains in radiance (+23%), smoothness (+25%), fine lines (-32%), and tone evenness (+21%). Over 56 days, the combined regimen improved skin quality 17%, reduced sensitivity 73%, and supported use after microneedling and intense pulsed light (IPL); satisfaction was 96%, with zero adverse events.
conclusionsTemporally optimized day and night serums deliver meaningful improvements in sensitivity, barrier function, antioxidant defense, hydration, and aging across diverse populations, supporting circadian alignment as an evidence-based approach to sensitive skin care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42728530What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.