ArticleScientific reports2026
Development and psychometric validation of SADAR-PrEP, an Indonesian PrEP knowledge and attitudes instrument.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Indonesia remains limited despite its proven effectiveness in HIV prevention, partly due to low public awareness and knowledge and the absence of validated measurement instruments for the general population. This study developed and psychometrically validated the SADAR-PrEP (Skala pengetAhuan DAn Respon terhadap PrEP) instrument through (i) forward-backward translation and cultural adaptation; (ii) content validity through multidisciplinary expert panel review (n = 25); (iii) face validity through structured cognitive interviews across regional groups; (iv) construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA); (v) internal consistency reliability; and (vi) known-groups validity with effect sizes. A total of 1,150 adults from six regions in Indonesia completed the instrument. EFA revealed a unidimensional structure (KMO = 0.928; single factor eigenvalue = 4.959, explaining 49.6% of the variance; factor loadings 0.618-0.766). Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's α = 0.874; corrected item-total correlations 0.538-0.676). Known-groups comparisons confirmed significant differences in scores across education, health background, and workshop attendance groups (p ≤ 0.003; Cohen's d = 0.24-0.63). Although 74.3% expressed willingness to use PrEP, only 16.1% knew how to access services. SADAR-PrEP is the first validated PrEP knowledge and attitude instrument for the general Indonesian population, providing a scalable tool for evidence-based HIV prevention education, programme planning, and policy development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.