ArticleClinical and experimental hepatology2026
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in acute decompensation of advanced chronic liver disease and acute-on-chronic liver failure: prognostic significance by etiology.
Article in Clinical and experimental hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aim of the study: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple and widely available indicator of the degree and balance of the systemic inflammatory response in critically ill patients and has been shown to predict outcomes across multiple liver syndromes, including alcohol-associated hepatitis, advanced chronic liver disease/liver cirrhosis (ACLD), and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). While NLR retains prognostic power throughout the spectrum of ACLD phenotypes, its performance may vary according to the underlying etiology of ACLD. Since efforts are ongoing to identify accessible inflammatory markers for risk stratification in ACLF, NLR has gained increasing attention. The primary aim was to determine whether NLR values differ between alcoholic, viral, and other etiologies of acute decompensation (AD), with particular focus on alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Secondary aims were to assess the prognostic potential of NLR measured at admission (NLR-0) and on day 7 of hospital stay (NLR-7). Material and methods: Using our RH7 registry of adult patients hospitalized with cirrhosis, we identified individuals with AD according to EF-CLIF criteria and stratified them into three etiological groups: alcoholic, viral, and "other". NLR-0 and NLR-7 values were compared across groups and related to 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality. Results: Out of 1109 patients in RH7 (as of May 18 Conclusions: In our Central European cohort, AD most frequently developed on the background of ALD, while viral etiology was rare. Elevated NLR was observed in the majority of patients admitted with AD and was consistently associated with increased short-, mid- and long-term mortality. Although NLR values were broadly comparable across etiologies, patients with viral AD had normal NLR significantly more often, suggesting possible differences in inflammatory phenotypes. These findings support the use of NLR as an additional prognostic marker, particularly in ALD, while highlighting the need for further studies in viral cohorts.
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