Recurrent paraganglioma of the urinary bladder 26 years after initial treatment: a case report.

Introduction and importance: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) have malignant potential, and long-term follow-up of patients with PPGLs is recommended by current guidelines. Here, we report a case of recurrent paraganglioma (PGL) of the urinary bladder 26 years after initial treatment. Case presentation: A 58-year-old woman with a history of partial cystectomy for PGL of the urinary bladder 26 years earlier presented with palpitations, headache during urination, and left inguinal pain. Postoperative follow-up had been discontinued. Imaging studies showed an intravesical mass and multiple masses in the Retzius space and left external iliac region. These masses showed significant uptake on Clinical discussion: The discontinuation of lifelong surveillance in our patient may have led to a delayed diagnosis of recurrence. Since the mainstay of treatment for PPGL is surgery, appropriate lifelong follow-up contributes to the early detection of recurrence, thereby increasing the likelihood of prompt and complete resection. Conclusion: Owing to the possibility of late PGL recurrence, lifelong follow-up is required for all patients with PGL.