Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42724789›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026

Warning and green labels versus Nutri-Score: visual attention and product evaluation in a binational eye-tracking study.

Gerrit Hummel, Eyal Ert, Lena Kurzrock, Ilan Hadad, Franziska Lang, Or Avishai Ofer, Aron M Troen, Nanette Stroebele-Benschop

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Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gerrit Hummel *Institute for Nutritional Medicine, Department Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Eyal Ert *Institute of Environmental Sciences, Department Environmental Economics & Management, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Lena KurzrockInstitute for Nutritional Medicine, Department Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Ilan HadadInstitute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Franziska LangInstitute for Nutritional Medicine, Department Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Or Avishai OferInstitute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Aron M Troen *Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Nanette Stroebele-Benschop *Institute for Nutritional Medicine, Department Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Front-of-package labeling (FOPL) is intended to improve consumer awareness of nutritional quality and encourage healthier choices. In 2020, Germany and Israel implemented distinct FOPL systems: Israel introduced mandatory red warning labels with a voluntary green positive label for healthy foods, while Germany adopted the Nutri-Score. This study compared visual attention to these two FOPL schemes and their impact on product perception in a binational context. We conducted a comparative eye-tracking study with 223 participants (112 in Germany, 111 in Israel). Each participant viewed food package images, each displaying either a Nutri-Score or a red warning or green label, while their eye-movements were recorded. Then, participants rated perceived product healthfulness, expected taste, and purchase intention and completed questionnaires on eating habits, nutritional knowledge, and label understanding and usage. Outcomes were analyzed with mixed-effects models and

Indexed as

eye-trackingfood choicefront-of-pack nutrition labelingNutri-Scorevisual attentionwarning labels

Identifiers

PMID42724789
PMCPMC13560643

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.