Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42724059›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026

A preliminary feasibility study of a tough hydrogel as a nucleus pulposus substitute for degenerative disc disease.

Young-Mi Kang, Seong-Hwan Moon, Byung Ho Lee, Ji-Won Kwon, Sahyun Sung, Chang-Yk Lee, Ja-Yeong Yoon, Soo-Bin Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Young-Mi KangDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Seong-Hwan MoonDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Byung Ho LeeDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ji-Won KwonDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sahyun SungDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Ace Hospital, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Chang-Yk LeeYonsei Leaders Clinic, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Ja-Yeong YoonDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea.
Soo-Bin LeeDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Degenerative disc disease is characterized by low back pain caused by degeneration of the intervertebral discs. Hydrogels, with favorable biocompatibility and characteristics resembling the nucleus pulposus, have received attention as potential replacement materials. In this study, we developed a tough hydrogel with enhanced mechanical performance and conducted an initial assessment of its feasibility as a nucleus pulposus substitute. Methods: The hydrogel was fabricated by incorporating 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-treated silk fibers into the core of a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. Results and Discussion: The

Indexed as

degenerative disc diseasenucleus pulposuspolyvinyl alcoholsilktough hydrogel

Identifiers

PMID42724059
PMCPMC13558221

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.