ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival after resection for pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a dual-center time-dependent analysis.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: For patients with resected large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain, and factors associated with greater benefit are not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adjuvant chemotherapy and survival outcomes while accounting for treatment timing and to identify clinicopathologic subgroups that may derive greater benefit. Methods: This dual-center retrospective study included 185 patients with resected large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. To reduce treatment-timing bias, a time-dependent multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used, in which adjuvant chemotherapy was treated as a time-dependent exposure. Overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated. Sensitivity analyses, including time-fixed and landmark approaches, were performed to assess the robustness of the findings. Subgroup analyses were conducted in selected clinically relevant strata. Results: In the primary time-dependent multivariable Cox model, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.88; P=0.01). In contrast, adjuvant chemotherapy was not significantly associated with improved disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-1.38; P=0.59). Subgroup analyses suggested that the overall survival association was more pronounced in clinically higher-risk subgroups, particularly in patients with stage II-III disease (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.71; P=0.003) and node-positive disease (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.63; P=0.002). Sensitivity analyses showed generally consistent effect directions across different analytic strategies. Conclusions: In this dual-center retrospective cohort, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival after resection for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, whereas no significant association was observed for disease-free survival. The overall survival association appeared stronger in selected higher-risk subgroups, including patients with stage II-III disease and node-positive disease. Further studies are warranted to better define the patients most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.