ReviewChemistry, an Asian journal2026
Photo-Responsive Functional Hydrogels: Mechanism, Design, and Application.
Review in Chemistry, an Asian journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Photo-responsive functional hydrogels (PRFHs) represent a paradigm shift from static materials to dynamic, remotely programmable intelligent systems by integrating photochemistry with soft matter engineering. This review systematically elucidates the underlying photochemical mechanisms-including photoisomerization, photodimerization/photocleavage, photoredox reactions, and photothermal effects-and critically evaluates three primary design strategies: physical doping, chemical grafting, and host-guest supramolecular recognition, alongside the emerging multi-responsive collaborative design that enables synergistic control through orthogonal stimulus integration. Beyond traditional biomedical applications such as spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, photodynamic/photothermal therapy, and biosensing, we highlight the expanding frontiers of PRFHs in soft robotics (artificial muscles, microfluidic valves, intelligent optical devices), information encryption, self-healing materials, switchable adhesives, and environmental remediation, demonstrating their unprecedented versatility. Despite remarkable progress, challenges remain in enhancing biocompatibility and safety (particularly through developing visible/NIR-driven systems), improving mechanical robustness and response kinetics, and advancing clinical translation via scalable manufacturing and regulatory compliance. Future breakthroughs will likely emerge from integrating artificial intelligence for adaptive feedback control, exploring deep-tissue-penetrating NIR-II excitation, and designing closed-loop systems that combine sensing, actuation, and therapeutic functions, positioning PRFHs as transformative platforms for precision medicine, advanced bionics, and sustainable environmental technologies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.