ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026
Bergapten-Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Vitiligo Treatment: A Synergistic Strategy Combining Nanocrystal Technology and Physical Enhancement.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Bergapten can effectively treat vitiligo by increasing the activity of melanocytes and tyrosinase, but its low solubility and poor transdermal effect limit its application. In this study, we used dissolvable microneedles (shells) loaded with bergapten nanocrystals (cores), a shell-nucleus-type formulation design, to treat vitiligo, organically integrating physical and pharmacological treatments, and to improve drug delivery efficiency. Firstly, bergapten was prepared into nanocrystals and screened for dissolvable microneedle matrix, and dissolvable microneedles were prepared by centrifugal spin-coating method; then, the quality studies of bergapten nanocrystals dissolvable microneedles (BP-NCs-DMNs) were carried out on the mechanical properties, in vitro solubility properties, skin puncture, and skin barrier restorative measurements and transdermal cumulative permeation experiments; finally, the pharmacological effects of bergapten dissolvable microneedles against vitiligo were verified by determining the tyrosinase (TYR), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels using a hydroquinone-induced mouse vitiligo model. As a result, the prepared bergapten microneedles could penetrate into the skin, and the skin did not show any redness, swelling, or excessive inflammation after removing the microneedles, and they could be dissolved in vitro in about 35 min. As a result of the in vitro transdermal experiment, the cumulative transmittance of bergapten in 24 h of bergapten microneedle was 257.9 μg/cm
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