Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42722379›Full record

ReviewDiabetes & metabolism journal2026

Hypothalamic Inflammaging: A Central Driver of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease in Aging.

Sang Hee Lyoo, Ki Hun Kim, Ki Woo Kim

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sang Hee Lyoo *Division of Physiology, Departments of Oral Biology and Applied Life Science, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
Ki Hun Kim *Division of Physiology, Departments of Oral Biology and Applied Life Science, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
Ki Woo KimDivision of Physiology, Departments of Oral Biology and Applied Life Science, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea. kiwoo-kim@yuhs.ac.

Funding

Korean Society for the Study of Obesity KSSO202501National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00346807National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00399237National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2025-18362970
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aging is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is accompanied by chronic, low-grade inflammation known as inflammaging. Emerging evidence indicates that the hypothalamus, a central regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis, undergoes age-associated inflammatory remodeling that contributes to metabolic dysfunction. In particular, glial cells, including microglia, astrocytes, tanycytes, and neural stem cells, acquire senescence-associated phenotypes characterized by impaired homeostatic functions and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. These changes disrupt hypothalamic neuronal circuits involved in glucose sensing, energy balance, and insulin responsiveness, thereby potentially promoting systemic insulin resistance and T2DM progression. In this review, we summarize current evidence on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of hypothalamic glial inflammaging and discuss how age-related glial dysfunction may contribute to metabolic abnormalities. We also highlight emerging therapeutic strategies targeting neuroinflammation and glial senescence for the prevention and treatment of age-associated T2DM.

Indexed as

AgingDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HypothalamusInflammationMetabolic DiseasesAnimalsEnergy MetabolismHumansInsulin ResistanceNeurogliaNeuroinflammatory DiseasesAgingDiabetes mellitus, type 2HypothalamusInflammation mediatorsInsulin resistanceNeurogliaObesity

Identifiers

PMID42722379
PMCPMC13561656

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.