Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42722179›Full record

ArticleTravel medicine and infectious disease2026

Epidemiological comparison of international travel-associated and domestically acquired Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella infections reported to Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2010-2019.

Hazel J Shah, Kristina M Angelo, Sophia Wozny, Sarah Lathrop, Sean Buuck, Melissa Tobin-Dangelo, Rosalie Trevejo, Kerianne Engesser, Elaine Scallan Walter, Marcy McMillan and 4 more

Abstract read
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Article in Travel medicine and infectious disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Hazel J ShahDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kristina M AngeloDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sophia WoznyEmerging Infections Program, Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sarah LathropUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Sean BuuckMinnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Melissa Tobin-DangeloGeorgia Department of Public Health, Acute Disease Epidemiology Section, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Rosalie TrevejoPublic Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA.
Kerianne EngesserNew York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
Elaine Scallan WalterColorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Marcy McMillanTennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN, USA.
Christina TurnerConnecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, CT, USA.
Katie WymoreCalifornia Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, CA, USA.
Robin P Pendley LouisDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Daniel L WellerDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: qok9@cdc.gov.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA 2004-2009 analysis found that 13% of enteric illnesses reported in the United States were associated with international travel, with >90% caused by Campylobacter, Salmonella, or Shigella. This analysis characterizes the epidemiology of travel-associated campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, and shigellosis in the FoodNet catchment during 2010-2019.

methodsWe analyzed FoodNet surveillance data for laboratory-confirmed infections during 2010-2019. Characteristics of travel-associated and domestically acquired infections were compared between world regions using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and counterfactual random forest (CFRF) methods.

resultsDuring 2010-2019, 61,397 Campylobacter, 63,823 Salmonella, and 19,141 Shigella infections were reported. Among people with known travel status, 16%, 11%, and 15% of Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella infections were travel-associated. Incidence of travel-associated campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis and shigellosis increased from 2004 to 2009 to 2010-2014 and from 2010 to 2014 to 2015-2019. More travelers reported visiting Latin America and the Caribbean (2010-2014: 44%; 2015-2019: 45%) but illness incidence was highest among travelers to Africa (2010-2014: 49.8 per 100,000; 2015-2019: 57.8 per 100,000). Demographic and clinical characteristics of people with travel-associated versus domestically acquired infections differed consistently across the three illnesses. Odds of reporting international travel were higher among urban versus rural residents, among people with mild versus severe illness, and among people diagnosed using culture-independent versus culture-based tests.

conclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of collecting travel history during clinical encounters and enteric disease investigations. Findings can help inform public health messaging and enteric disease prevention strategies provided to international travelers.

Indexed as

DiarrheaEnteric illnessFoodNetGastroenteritisTravelTravel-associated illness

Identifiers

PMID42722179
PMCPMC13591391

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.