Efficacy and safety of live combined Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Chenghai Yang, Bingyun Lu, Cangui Zhang, Anjiang Wang, Ye Chen

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chenghai YangIntegrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.

Bingyun LuIntegrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.

Cangui ZhangIntegrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.

Anjiang WangIntegrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.

Ye ChenIntegrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: ye_chen001009@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveLive Combined Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium (LCBE) regulates gut microbiota and gastrointestinal inflammation. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of interventions with or without LCBE in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

methodsWeb of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang and China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched until February 2025. Patients with H. pylori infection receiving interventions with or without LCBE were assigned to the experimental and control groups, respectively. This meta-analysis was retrospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261430266).

resultsA total of 26 randomized controlled trials containing 3,536 patients with H. pylori infection were included. H. pylori eradication rate in the experimental group was 2.403-times of that in the control group. The total adverse event rate in the experimental group was 0.329-times of that in the control group. Diarrhea rate, nausea and vomiting rate, abdominal distension rate, poor appetite rate and constipation rate were lower in the experimental group than those of the control group. With regard to non-gastrointestinal adverse events, only taste disorder rate was lower in the experimental group than that of the control group. The expression levels of immunoglobulins A and G were increased, while those of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were decreased in the experimental group compared with those noted in the control group.

conclusionLCBE-containing interventions are associated with higher eradication rates, fewer adverse events, and favorable changes in immune and inflammatory markers in patients with H. pylori infection.

Indexed as

EfficacyHelicobacter Pylori infectionImmunity and inflammationLive combined Bacillus Subtilis and Enterococcus FaeciumSafety

Identifiers

PMID42721774

DOI10.1016/j.clinsp.2026.101139

PMCPMC13586577

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.