Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42721451›Full record

ArticleJMIR formative research2026

Toward the Optimal Way to Assess Symptomatic Fatigue in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Mixed Methods Survey Study.

Timothy F Boerger, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Julio C Furlan, Aria Nouri, Carl M Zipser, Brian K Kwon, Michael G Fehlings, James D Guest, Allan R Martin, Caroline Treanor and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR formative research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Timothy F Boerger *Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1587-3704
Alvaro Yanez Touzet *Scarborough General Hospital, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-1885
Julio C FurlanKITE Research Institute and Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2038-0018
Aria NouriDivision of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-3059
Carl M ZipserSpinal Cord Injury Centre, Universitätsklinik Balgrist, Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-4796
Brian K KwonDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5089-8280
Michael G FehlingsDivision of Neurosurgery and Spine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-6364
James D GuestNeurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-0286
Allan R MartinDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-5654
Caroline TreanorSchool of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-6338
David B AndersonSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-122X
Ellen SarewitzMyelopathy.org, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Lindsay TetreaultDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8435-4292
James HarropDepartment of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-3406
Jefferson WilsonDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5965-0305
Robert ChenDivision of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-8629
Vafa Rahimi-MovagharDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7347-8767
Nader FallahPraxis Spinal Cord Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7746-4773
Julia CarterMyelopathy.org, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Shirley WiddopMyelopathy.org, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Shekar KurpadDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-5453
Bizhan AarabiDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-457X
Oliver MowforthDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-745X
Mark KotterDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-7199
Benjamin M Davies *Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-5069

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent work has demonstrated that individuals with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) often experience symptoms of fatigue that are underrepresented in the literature. Conversely, understanding fatigue is highly important to people living with DCM. The AO Spine RECODE-DCM (Research Objectives and Common Data Elements for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy) study group recently determined that no suitable fatigue scales exist for DCM.

objectiveAn assessment of content validity of existing fatigue scales used in other populations was undertaken to determine whether any such scales are suitable for DCM.

methodsAn expert panel of people with DCM was convened. The panel comprised members of the RECODE-DCM steering committee, and their DCM ranged in severity from mild to severe; all resided in the United Kingdom or the United States. They were presented with 19 instruments in use for other pathologies and developed a quantitative description of relevance to DCM. The committee scored each scale on clarity and comprehensiveness. We conducted a preliminary qualitative analysis of comments on the various attributes of each instrument to establish themes distinguishing high-scoring from lower-scoring instruments.

resultsThe highest-scoring scales were the (1) Modified Fatigue Impact Scale for Spinal Cord Injury (relevance=3.78; comprehensiveness=3.56; clarity=4), (2) Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (3.67, 3.56, and 3.89, respectively), and (3) Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Scale (3.56, 3.56, and 3.89, respectively). Common themes used in discussing various instruments were sleep, pain, psychosocial factors, and employment.

conclusionsThe Modified Fatigue Impact Scale for Spinal Cord Injury, Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Scale appear to be the most appropriate and validated instruments for assessing fatigue in patients with DCM. These scales demonstrate strong psychometric properties while addressing the unique symptomatic profile and functional limitations characteristic of DCM, enabling more accurate measurement and clinical monitoring of fatigue in this patient population.

Indexed as

Cervical VertebraeFatiguePsychometricsSpinal Cord DiseasesHumansQualitative ResearchReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited Kingdomcervical spondylotic myelopathycontent validitydegenerative cervical myelopathyfatiguemixed methodsoutcome assessmentpatient-reported outcomespsychometricsvalidity

Identifiers

PMID42721451
PMCPMC13613046

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.