Eriosema glomeratum Possessed Interesting Bioactive Constituents and Semisynthetic Derivatives With Relevant Biosynthetic Correlation and Important Chemophenetic Significance.

Plants are sources of compounds with benefits in human health and animal well-being. Plant-based foods may contain huge numbers of different phytochemicals. This is the case of a Cameroonian medicinal plant Eriosema glomeratum from which phytochemical studies reported so far, the isolation of 22 compounds (1-22) with 4 new ones. Several semisynthesis were done on erioschalcones A and B, two new dihydrochalcones isolated from this plant, to afford 18 (23-38) derivatives from which thirteen were new. Among the compounds isolated and their derivatives, several had significant inhibitory activities against microbial strains Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli, Chlorella fusca and Microbotryum violaceum; and strong to moderate cytotoxicities on human cancer cell lines, lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), and cervical (HeLa). Compounds were mostly alkyl caffeate, flavonols, isoflavonoids, and dihydrochalcones. The use of medicinal plants for their benefits in the mankind is daily increasing and their chemotaxonomic categorization and the natural origin of their metabolites are essential for more valorization. In this work, we have summarized all the investigations carried out on E. glomeratum and discussed the relevant correlation on the biosynthetic relationship between the different classes of compounds, the structure-activity relationship (SAR), as well as the chemophenetic importance of isoflavonoids and dihydrochalcones.