Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42719344›Full record

ArticleJournal of ginseng research2026

Integrated LC-HRMS and in silico prediction discovery a hydroxylated protopanaxatriol metabolite in vivo with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity.

Longchan Liu, Haizhen Zhang, Haoyue Zhang, Wenxiang Fan, Yingbo Yang, Yingmin Zhang, Aizhen Xiong, Linnan Li, Yuqing Zhao, Zhengtao Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Longchan LiuThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Haizhen ZhangThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Haoyue ZhangThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Wenxiang FanThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Yingbo YangShanghai Tufeng Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China.
Yingmin ZhangThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Aizhen XiongThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Linnan LiThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Yuqing ZhaoKey Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.
Zhengtao WangThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Li YangThe State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Protopanaxatriol (PPT), a key aglycone of ginsenosides, exhibits significant anti-inflammatory potential but suffers from poor oral bioavailability. After oral administration, PPT is transformed by gastric acid, gut microbiota, and liver enzymes into metabolites with enhanced bioactivity. Methods: We employed an integrated metabolomics strategy combining LC-HRMS, in silico prediction, and molecular networking to systematically characterize PPT metabolism in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. Metabolites were identified across serum, urine, and feces samples. Results: A total of 20 metabolites were identified, including the novel 25-hydroxy-PPT (25OH-PPT), discovered for the first time. Mechanistic in vitro assays demonstrated that 25OH-PPT was exclusively generated under simulated gastric conditions via an acid-catalyzed, non-enzymatic hydroxylation pathway. Functional evaluation showed that 25OH-PPT exhibited significantly stronger anti-inflammatory activity than PPT (IC Conclusions: These findings uncover a new metabolic activation pathway of PPT, providing mechanistic insights into its pharmacological effects and offering new perspectives for designing PPT-based therapeutics.

Indexed as

25OH-PPTAnti-inflammatoryGastric hydroxylationMetabolismProdrugProtopanaxatriol

Identifiers

PMID42719344
PMCPMC13554427

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.