Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42718945›Full record

ArticleDigital health

Evaluation of an augmented reality-assisted system for standardizing spirometry (AR-SPIRO trial): Protocol for three-stage system development, agreement validation, and pragmatic implementation.

Tianqi Peng, DanJing Hu, Hanling Zhou, Hanna Wu, Yushi Zhang, Yaodie Peng, Xiang Li, Bin Duan, Xiaoyan Chang, Yong Li and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Tianqi PengNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5997-061X
DanJing HuNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Hanling ZhouNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Hanna WuNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3793-2457
Yushi ZhangNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yaodie PengNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiang LiNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Bin DuanNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiaoyan ChangNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yong LiNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiaopan LiNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Chunyan YuNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Hongtao NiuNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Ting YangNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-Morbidity, National Office for Chronic Respiratory Disease Prevention and Control, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Spirometry, the gold-standard diagnostic tool for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is limited in primary care due to shortages of qualified technicians and inconsistent testing quality. Evidence for augmented reality (AR)-assisted spirometry remains limited. This three-stage study aims to evaluate the task performance, operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and usability of an AR-assisted spirometry system, AR-SPIRO. Methods: The pre-evaluation stage included system development, technical verification, and usability testing. In Phase 1, a single-center randomized crossover agreement validation and usability evaluation study will compare the quality of spirometry between the AR-assisted and senior technician-led modes using weighted Kappa coefficients. In Phase 2, a multi-center, open-label, pragmatic, randomized implementation evaluation will be conducted at 14 primary care institutions. High-risk participants will be randomly assigned to AR-assisted or technician-led guidance. AR-SPIRO integrates a portable spirometer, a mobile terminal for real-time flow data processing, and AR glasses for synchronized visual-auditory feedback. Results: The AR-SPIRO system has been developed, and technical verification and preliminary usability testing have been completed. The study protocol has been finalized, and the Phase 1 agreement validation and Phase 2 pragmatic implementation evaluation are planned according to the predefined protocol. Conclusion: AR-SPIRO is expected to provide standardized spirometry guidance in primary care. This trial will provide evidence for the usability and implementation value of AR-SPIRO in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

augmented realitychronic obstructive pulmonary diseasedigital healthprimary health carespirometrystudy protocol

Identifiers

PMID42718945
PMCPMC13554636

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.