ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Comparison of positive detection rates between fluorescent staining and traditional KOH wet mount methods in the diagnosis of superficial fungal skin infections and analysis of factors associated with missed diagnosis.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Superficial fungal skin infections represent one of the most prevalent dermatological conditions worldwide, necessitating accurate and rapid laboratory diagnosis for appropriate therapeutic management. Objective: This retrospective study aimed to compare the positive detection rates between fluorescent staining and traditional KOH wet mount methods in patients with clinically suspected superficial fungal infections and to identify factors associated with missed diagnosis. Methods: A total of 151 patients with clinically suspected superficial fungal skin infections presenting to our dermatology department between January 1, 2025, and June 30, 2025, were enrolled. All specimens underwent parallel examination using both fluorescent staining (calcofluor white) and traditional 10% KOH wet mount methods. Diagnostic performance parameters including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for missed diagnosis. Results: The fluorescent staining method demonstrated a significantly higher positive detection rate (78.81%, 119/151) compared to the KOH wet mount method (58.28%, 88/151) (χ Conclusion: Fluorescent staining provides superior diagnostic performance compared to traditional KOH wet mount for superficial fungal infections, with significantly higher sensitivity and comparable specificity.
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