Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42717684›Full record

ArticleFuture science OA2026

Knowledge of early signs and risk factors, and attitude towards breast cancer among women in Dodoma, Tanzania: a community-based cross-sectional study.

James J Yahaya, Advera I Ngaiza, Angelina A Joho

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Future science OA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

James J YahayaDepartment of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, Soroti University, Soroti, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0003-3647-5262
Advera I NgaizaDepartment of Pathology, School of Diagnostic Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0003-4808-6838
Angelina A JohoDepartment of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0003-0142-6081

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionImprovement of knowledge and attitude helps to improve the prevention of breast cancer (BC).

aimThis study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of early signs and risk factors, and attitude toward BC. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Dodoma city, Tanzania among women aged ≥18 years. Mean values were used as cutoff points for adequate knowledge and positive attitude. Multivariable analysis was used to determine the predictors of knowledge and attitude.

resultsA total of 354 women were analyzed. Having 35-49 years was associated with increased chance of having adequate knowledge of early signs and risk factors for BC compared to having ≥50 years of age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.87-5.09,

conclusionThis study has shown a moderately low level of adequate knowledge of early signs and risk factors for BC. Also, younger age was associated with adequate knowledge and positive attitude toward BC.

Indexed as

attitudeBreast cancerearly signsknowledgerisk factors

Identifiers

PMID42717684
PMCPMC13576984

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.