Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42717452›Full record

ArticleRomanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie

SARS-CoV-2-related immune dysregulation and biologically plausible pathways to lymphomagenesis: a PRISMA-ScR-based scoping review.

Paul Cătălin Toboltoc, Adela Vekony, Ioana Gagiu

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Paul Cătălin ToboltocDepartment of Pathology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Sibiu, Romania; paul.toboltoc@gmail.com.
Adela Vekony
Ioana Gagiu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related immune dysregulation has generated interest in diagnostic pathology because infection-related inflammation, long coronavirus disease (COVID)-related immune disturbance, and post-vaccination lymphoid reactions may overlap with lymphoid-biological mechanisms and complicate the distinction between reactive lymphoid proliferations and lymphoid neoplasia.

aimThis scoping review aimed to map biologically plausible pathways through which SARS-CoV-2-associated immune perturbation may intersect with lymphomagenesis-related mechanisms, emphasizing diagnostic implications rather than causality. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). PubMed∕MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from January 2020 to March 2026, with selected pre-2020 sources retained for mechanistic or diagnostic relevance. Sources were charted across mechanistic, immunological, virological, clinicopathological, and diagnostic domains.

resultsAfter screening and eligibility assessment, 63 sources were retained for thematic synthesis. Evidence clustered around lymphoma-relevant but non-specific mechanisms, including inflammatory signaling, impaired immune surveillance, latent oncogenic viral reactivation, prolonged germinal-center activity with activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)-related genomic vulnerability, and lymphoid microenvironment remodeling. These mechanisms appear most relevant in predisposed hosts with chronic immune dysregulation, latent viral infection, defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair, or occult abnormal lymphoid clones. Infection and vaccination are distinct contexts, because infection may produce broader immune disruption, whereas most post-vaccination nodal events are reactive and self-limited.

conclusionsCurrent evidence supports biological plausibility rather than a direct or generalizable causal relationship. The main diagnostic implication is careful clinicopathological correlation and distinction between reactive lymphoid proliferations and lymphoid neoplasia in post-COVID-19 and post-vaccination settings.

Indexed as

COVID-19LymphomaSARS-CoV-2HumansCOVID-19diagnostic pathologyimmune dysregulationlymphomalymphomagenesisSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID42717452
PMCPMC13657410

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.