ArticleJapanese journal of ophthalmology2026
Changes in demographics and treatment trends in neovascular age-related macular degeneration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.
Article in Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo elucidate changes in the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic . STUDY
designRetrospective cohort study.
methodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients newly examined at 16 retina specialist facilities from January 2017 to March 2021. Baseline findings and 3-year follow-up data were compared between pre-pandemic (2017-February 2020) and post-pandemic (March 2020-March 2021) groups.
resultsAnalysis of 2271 patients with nAMD revealed a significant decrease in the number of patients examined at hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic period (p = 0.011), along with a higher proportion of patients who had received treatment within the previous year at local clinics. Baseline ocular findings showed no significant differences between the pre- and post-pandemic groups. Loss to follow-up increased through the second year of the pandemic period (first year, p = 0.0012; second year, p = 0.023). No significant differences were observed during follow-up in visual acuity, central retinal thickness, or number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. However, in the post-pandemic period the frequency of photodynamic therapy tended to decrease, and examination visits decreased significantly (p = 0.0038).
conclusionThe number of nAMD patients treated in hospitals was lower in the post-pandemic period, and the proportion managed initially in local clinics increased. Although baseline and follow-up characteristics remained largely similar, the use of photodynamic therapy and the number of follow-up visits declined. These findings suggest a shift in the initial nAMD management from hospitals to local clinics during the early post-pandemic period.
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